What is a common cause of compressor failure in an A/C system?

A plugged orifice tube is a common cause of compressor failure in an A/C system because it restricts the flow of refrigerant through the system. The orifice tube acts as a metering device, controlling the amount of refrigerant that enters the evaporator. When it becomes clogged, it hinders the refrigerant flow, which can lead to issues like low refrigerant pressure on the suction side and excessive pressure on the discharge side. This imbalance can cause the compressor to work harder than designed, leading to overheating and potential mechanical failure.

While other options could lead to system inefficiencies or other issues, they do not typically result in direct compressor failure to the same extent. For instance, a dirty air filter mainly affects airflow and can lead to cooling inefficiencies, but it doesn't directly damage the compressor. A faulty heater control valve primarily affects the heating system and isn't involved in refrigerant flow. A worn magnetic clutch might lead to engagement issues, but it does not usually produce the same catastrophic failure as a clogged orifice tube that directly impacts system functionality. Thus, recognizing the significance of a plugged orifice tube in the context of compressor functionality is essential for A/C system maintenance and repair.